When we go about our busy day by rushing to work, the store, meetings, church, and school, we never get the rest we need. Often, we overstretch the capabilities of our bodies to endure burnout. As such, we should ensure that we are okay as we go about our day and lead our lives. It is also relevant to take care of our physical and mental health. This stance is essential since it ensures that we are always to the best of our shape to handle daily activities. Moreover, as you go about your day, you should consider taking some of your time to check on your family and friends. This caring approach allows you to know how they are doing with life. You may ask; how are you doing? In some cases, you can make a phone call. This initiative can help them to relieve some stress in their life. In other words, simply talking to them about what is stressing them may restore their emotional and psychological well-being.
It is also important to listen to your loved ones or offer a suggestion to help them relieve their stress. Often, you could state recommendations they never thought about during their stressful moment. You may even offer to accompany them on a walk or go grab a coffee together. Thus, your initiative will work toward restoring their perspectives about challenges and desirably handling them. You can also be involved in helping individuals judge good from bad. In most cases, it may be hard for some people to differentiate situations. As such, helping a person judge emotion provides an impetus for self-correction. It also creates an impetus for recognizing harmful emotions so that they can be avoided (Health Shots, 2023). Other than this, the initiative can create leverage for improved understanding of interventions to emotional challenges. Thus, it is relevant to help others deal with issues that affect their health.
Seems like everyone has a busy life these days. Some adults work two jobs and have children participating in sports, band, or other extracurricular activities. We are constantly on the go with our hectic schedules, and we rely on our bodies to continue to function properly amidst our many physician demands. One of the most important things we can do for our bodies is to ensure that we get enough sleep. The significance of sleep is often underrated and not thought of as a necessity. But not getting enough sleep can have detrimental consequences.
Quality sleep improves your health, mood, and brain performance. It can also help you avoid certain diseases and disorders. Getting the proper amount of sleep can reduce your chances of getting heart disease, stroke, obesity, high blood pressure, dementia, and diabetes. According to News in Health, healthy sleep consists of three things; how much sleep you get, sleep quality, and consistent sleep. (Bryant & Reynolds, 2022). Just because you are sleeping does not mean that your brain is sleeping too. As a matter of fact, just the opposite is true. Your brain is constantly working during the time that you are sleeping and is preparing your brain to create, learn, and remember. Sleep also allows your blood vessels, immune systems, and other metabolic processes to repair. Without proper sleep, these processes will be disturbed, and the body does not reset. Experts recommend that school-age children get at least nine hours of sleep per night. Teenagers should get at least eight to ten hours a night, and most adults should get at least seven or more hours of sleep per night.
If you are having trouble getting to sleep at night, try making small changes in your sleep routine. Doing things like lowering your thermostat and cutting off all electronic devices like cell phones, computers, and televisions can facilitate a quiet, peaceful place free of distractions. Going to sleep and waking up at the same time every night can help your internal clock maintain a regular schedule. Avoid taking naps throughout the day so that your body is fully prepared to rest when you finally call it a day. Avoid caffeine, chocolate, beverages, and energy drinks after lunch due to their ability to stimulate alertness. Try visualizing things that make you happy or reading from a traditional paper book, (not an e-book). And lastly, talk to your doctor about using sleep enhancing supplements like melatonin, magnesium, or 5-HTP, (an amino acid that boosts serotonin production).
Hopefully, you will find a viable solution to help you get the proper amount of sleep you need, and the saying, “out like a light” will be your new reality. Good night!
Dark chocolate is a delightful treat, but research shows it might be great for the heart. Let’s delve into the potential health benefits of consuming dark chocolate.
Research shows that dark chocolate contains compounds called flavanols that have been linked to heart health. Flavanols are a type of polyphenol, a natural compound with antioxidant properties that protect cells against harm caused by free radicals (Heart, 2019). Additionally, flavanols improve the bloodstream to the heart, diminish blood pressure, and decrease the chance of blood clots. Flavanols in dark chocolate may also help reduce inflammation in the body, which is related to numerous chronic diseases, including heart disease.
While dark chocolate may have potential health benefits for the heart, it is essential to note that it is still high in calories and should be consumed in moderation (Mayo Clinic, 2022). Remember, consuming excessive amounts of chocolate, especially those containing high sugar and fat, can lead to weight gain and increase the chances of other health issues. Additionally, those with certain health conditions, such as diabetes, should be cautious and discuss alternative approaches to heart health with their doctor.
In conclusion, though research is making favorable discoveries linking dark chocolate to heart health, it is essential to enjoy dark chocolate sensibly and be careful of components such as included sugars and fats.
If you’re like me, you are busy juggling work, children, and school, finding time to work out can be difficult. We all know that exercise helps reduce the risk of heart disease and helps lower cholesterol, but sometimes life gets in the way. The good news is that there are many tips to incorporate exercise on a tight time budget.
The American Heart Association (2022) provided a few tips on ways to boost your activity level when you have no time for exercise:
Walk your dog.
Take a walk with your spouse or kids. Explore new neighborhoods or create a scavenger hunt.
Try a quick 10-minute home workout.
Walk while you are talking on the phone.
Jog or walk in place.
Walk on the treadmill while watching your favorite TV show.
Park farther away and walk to your designation.
Take the stair when you can.
I try to boost my activity level without working out by dancing. It doesn’t even feel like you are exercising and it’s a fun way to burn calories. You can turn on music and include dance moves while cooking, cleaning the house, or even spending time with your children. A friend once told me to get up half an hour early in the morning to exercise. That is a great tip if you can do it, but if you’re like me, you want to get as much sleep as possible. For this reason, managing little exercises into the daily grind helps me keep moving. Every step counts.
How do you boost your activity level when living a busy life?
Breastfeeding is a natural process that benefits the baby and the mom. In addition to its nutritional benefits, research by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has shown that breastfeeding is vital in reducing the risk of breast and ovarian cancer among mothers. Breastfeeding reduces a woman’s exposure to estrogen, a hormonally active chemical known for its ability to impact the risk of breast cancer. Prolactin, an endocrine hormone released in response to breastfeeding, reduces estrogen production, making it more challenging to grow malignant cells inside the mammary gland. Additionally, breastfeeding promotes cellular differentiation inside the mammary glands, which means this decreases the likelihood of cellular abnormalities that may lead to the start of cancer.
Ovarian cancer is a severe and sometimes fatal disease that affects women worldwide. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have found a link between the act of nursing and reduced ovarian cancer risk (Johnson, 2021). The risk and association between breastfeeding and ovarian cancer may have to do with the fact that women who are breastfeeding tend not to menstruate, or if they do, they have lighter periods. Lack of menstrual cycles can reduce the ovaries’ total exposure to estrogen and other hormones that can potentially promote the evolution of ovarian cancer. (CDC, 2019).
If you have not had children or cannot breastfeed, there are many other ways to reduce your cancer risk. Please check out the NIH or talk to your doctor about ways to reduce your risk, including diet and medication.
References
Anstey, E. H., Shoemaker, M. L., Barrera, C. M., O’Neil, M. E., Verma, A. B., & Holman, D. M. (2017, September). Breastfeeding and breast cancer risk reduction: Implications for black mothers. American journal of preventive medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6069526/
Tension headaches affect the overall well-being of a person. The provision of interventions that relieve them advances the quality of life. One common way to relieve tension headaches is by using painkillers. (Hassan & Asaad, 2020). Medication is the first choice since it relieves pain. Physical exercises, such as yoga, provide leverage for the relaxation of the body, which can help to relieve tension headaches (Hassan & Asaad, 2020). Massages are also used to loosen tension in the head and neck muscles. This intervention is necessary because it stretches tight and shortened muscles, which aids in releasing tension in the head.
Other intervention measures that can be used to advance the relief of tension headaches include getting adequate sleep, using cold ice packs, etc. Changing sleep habits can help limit the experience of sleep apnea or insomnia. Cold packs can also be placed on the head to reduce tension headaches (Hassan & Asaad, 2020). The cooling effect reduces pain and minimizes headaches. If an individual has a tension headache, they are encouraged to stay at home and avoid taxing activities. They would also provide leverage for long-term quality health since they limit the experience of pain.
The application of non-evidence-based intervention measures may also relieve tension headaches. One relevant suggestion is to avoid stressful situations. The probability of having tension headaches are higher when we are stressed, or in noisy environments. That risk decreases when surroundings are conductive. In turn, calm environments are guaranteed to relieve tension headaches.
Reference
Hassan, M., & Asaad, T. (2020). Tension-type headache, its relation to stress, and how to relieve it by cryotherapy among academic students. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-020-00030-3
By Terrie Johnson | UAB Community Health & Human Services Intern
Photo by Olia Danilevich on Pexels.com
The use of diabetes medication for weight loss is a growing trend among people facing obesity risks. A drug called semaglutide is used to help individuals manage their body mass. Based on existing studies, this medication is effective for weight loss. Its criticality is also based on limiting the development of type 2 diabetes (Singh et al., 2021). Patients receiving a dose of semaglutide medication have a higher chance of maintaining a desirable body mass index. Thus, the use of diabetes medications provides leverage for weight loss. This efficacy also makes it possible to mitigate the development and effects tied to type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the medication is a critical intervention for weight-related risk factors.
Even though diabetes medications such as semaglutide and liraglutide have positive effects on weight loss, they have negative implications. For example, their use curbs cravings for certain foods critical for relevant nutrients. The medications also lead to side effects like diarrhea and bloating (Singh et al., 2021). These issues may limit the achievement of the desired life quality. As such, there is a need to consider the reduction of side effects tied to diabetes medications. This stance would increase their efficacy in the advancement of weight loss. Thus, the interventions instigate the limitation of obesity-related issues that may reduce one’s quality of life.
Based on the review of existing studies, diabetes medication for weight loss is effective in mitigating weight-related issues. They also protect against the development of type 2 diabetes among at-risk populations (Singh et al., 2021). Thus, drugs, such as semaglutide, are instrumental to be applied in the weight loss process. They are effective in handling the risk of obesity and diabetes. Despite their side effects, the positive aspects are immense. Therefore, diabetes medication should be used to promote weight loss among at-risk patients.
Reference
Singh, G., Krauthamer, M., & Bjalme-Evans, M. (2021). Wegovy (semaglutide): A new weight loss drug for chronic weight management. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 70(1), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2021-001952
By Jaelyn Copeland|UAB CommunityHealth and Human Services Intern
Apple Cider vinegar (ACV) is a vinegar made from fermented apple juice. It is a very versatile product that is commonly used in cooking, or to make dressings, sauces, and marinades.
ACV can also be used as a home remedy for many health ailments, and is available in forms such as tablets, capsules, powder, liquid drops, gummies and topical prescriptions.
The production of apple cider vinegar involves two steps. Crushed apples are first exposed to yeast, which causes the carbohydrates to ferment and transform into alcohol. The alcohol is then further fermented by the addition of bacteria, creating acetic acid, which is the primary active ingredient in vinegar. Vinegar gets its potently sour flavor and smell from acetic acid. Although potential claims are not backed by scientific evidence, the health benefits of apple cider vinegar are thought to be caused by acetic acid. This acid makes up 5-6% of cider vinegars.
Benefits of ACV may include:
May lower blood sugar levels
May reduce cholesterol
May offer antimicrobial benefits
May help increase weight loss
BuBu Banini, M.D. suggests that individuals should consume no more than one to two teaspoons of apple cider vinegar per day. “When used in small amounts, the risk of apple cider vinegar is generally low,” she says. As long as you are tolerating it, diluting it and don’t have esophageal issues, there is no reason not to try it!
by Senequa Malone, Jaelyn Copeland, and Shon Mack, with contributions from Shayna Bryan | Interns and UAB Community Health and Human Services students
Graphic by Jaelyn Copeland
(This article is based on a discussion from WWL’s Monday Night Wellness Watch. [Link to the livestream recording coming soon!])
October is Breast Cancer Awareness month. Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers out there. According to the CDC, it is the second most common cancer in women (after some skin cancers) and the second leading cause of cancer death in women (after lung cancer). About 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed with some kind of breast cancer in her lifetime. No one is exempt from a breast cancer diagnoses. It affects men and women, old and young.
Today we’re going to learn about what breast cancer is, what the risk factors are, how you can reduce your risk, and how it affects Women of Color in our community.
What is Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the breast. Cancer starts when cells begin to grow out of control. There are many different types of breast cancer, these depend on where in the breast the cancer cells are located. The breast is made up of 3 parts:
Lobules (glands that produce milk)
Ducts (connect glands to nipple)
Connective tissue (fat that surround the breast and makes up a large part of the volume)
Most breast cancers begin in the lobules or ducts. When the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, it is said to have metastasized.
How common is Breast Cancer? What about dying from Breast Cancer?
Every person has breast tissue, so everyone one is capable of developing breast cancer. It is most common in women, but men can develop it too. The lifetime risk is of getting breast cancer for a woman is 13% and the risk of dying from breast cancer is 2.6%. The 5-year survival rate post diagnosis is 90%. The number of new cases of breast cancer is going slightly up (0.5% per year), but death is going down (1% per year). This is likely due to early detection and better screening. Men are 100 times less likely to develop breast cancer, but that number is not zero. While rare, men are diagnosed and die from breast cancer every year
What are the risk factors for Breast Cancer?
Being born a woman
Being older
Obesity
Family history
15% of women with breast cancer have a family member with it
Early menstruation (starting before age 12)
Late menopause (starting after age 55)
Having dense breast tissue
What are dense breasts?
Breast density is a term that describes the relative amount of different types of breast tissue (glandular, connective, and fat tissue) as seen on a mammogram. Dense breasts have relatively high amounts of glandular tissue and fibrous connective tissue and relatively low amounts of fatty breast tissue.
Only a mammogram can show if a woman has dense breasts. Dense breast tissue cannot be felt in a clinical breast exam or in a breast self-exam. Nearly half of all women age 40 and older who get mammograms are found to have dense breasts.
Whether your breasts are dense is often due to genetics, but other factors can influence it. Factors associated with lower breast density include increasing age, having children. Factors associated with higher breast density include having a high body-mass index and using postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy.
Is there any way to reduce our risk of Breast Cancer?
Factors we can change include:
Maintain a healthy weight
Be regularly physically active
150-300 minutes of moderate intensity per week (or about 20-30 minutes a day)
Eat a healthy diet
Vegetables, whole grains, unsaturated fat
Perform monthly breast self-exams
40% of diagnosed breast cancers were detected by women who feel a lump
Start at age 20 to become familiar with your “normal”
Monitor regularly for changes
Consume alcohol moderately, or not at all
Women who have 2-3 drinks a day have 20% higher risk than non-drinkers
If you have children, breastfeed if you are able
What about Breast Cancer risk among African American women?
African American women have a 31% breast cancer mortality rate – the highest of any U.S. racial or ethnic group. While the reasons behind this disparity are numerous and complicated, the issue is real and there are at least some solutions everyone agrees on: more screening, more self-exams, and more access to treatment for African American women.
Set a schedule and do it regularly. A good time to start is 3-5 days after your period it ends, then continue to perform a BSE every month.
Remove your clothing and take a good look at yourself in the mirror. If you’re never done something like this before, it can feel a little silly and embarrassing at first, but it’s very important to become familiar with your own body and what is normal for you, so you can detect changes.
Breasts come in all shapes and sizes (many women have one breast larger than the other), so once you know what is normal for you, when you perform these exams you’re going to be looking for anything that stands out as different or unusual
Look for any distortion of the shape, dimpling, puckering, or odd bulging.
How’s the color? Are there any areas of redness, a rash, or parts that look swollen? Is the nipple in its normal positions or has that changed, is it inverted? Is there any discharged? It could look “watery, milky, or yellow fluid or blood”.
Raise your arms, and look for the same things. Does this position aggravate any soreness or pain in your breasts?
Next lie down flat on your back and place one arm behind your head. With the other hand, use the pad of your fingers to press firmly around your breast tissue. Cover the entire breast from top to bottom, side to side — from your collarbone to the top of your abdomen, and from your armpit to your cleavage.
Use a pattern to make sure you cover your entire breast. Two common patterns are to start in the center and make your way outwards in circles, another is to go top to bottom across the breast like you’re mowing the lawn.
If you do feel a lump, don’t worry, stay calm, and make an appointment with your regular physician.
Most lumps are benign (non-cancerous). There are many benign breast conditions that can cause lumps that resolve on their own.
What about Mammograms?
A mammogram is an X-ray picture of the breast. Doctors use a mammogram to look for early signs of breast cancer. Regular mammograms are the best tests doctors have to find breast cancer early, sometimes up to three years before it can be felt.
Women ages 40-44 should have the choice to start annual breast cancer screening with mammograms if they wish to do so, particularly if they have family history of breast cancer
Women ages 45-54 should get mammograms every year
Women 55 and older should switch to mammograms every 2 years, or can continue yearly screening.
Screening should continue as long as a woman is in good health and is expected to live 10 more years or longer. All women should be familiar with the known benefits, limitations, and potential harms linked to breast cancer screening.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, September 20). Breast cancer. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 28, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). USCS data visualizations – CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 28, 2021, from https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/.
Moore, J. X., Han, Y., Appleton, C., Colditz, G., & Toriola, A. T. (2020). Determinants of mammographic breast density by race among a large screening population. JNCI Cancer Spectrum. https://doi.org/10.1093/jncics/pkaa010
Wilkinson Wellness Laboratory 