Sports Safety & Injury Prevention: Stretching, Hydration, and Concussion Awareness for Student Athletes

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Sports play a huge role in the lives of children and teens. Beyond the physical benefits of staying active, athletics teach teamwork, discipline, and confidence. But while sports are rewarding, they also come with risks. Each year in the United States, more than 3.5 million children under age 14 receive medical treatment for sports-related injuries (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022). Common injuries include sprains, strains, fractures, and concussions. Overuse injuries from repetitive training are also on the rise, particularly in young athletes who specialize in one sport too early (National Athletic Trainers’ Association [NATA], 2021).

The good news is that many of these injuries are preventable. By focusing on proper preparation—through stretching, hydration, and awareness of concussion symptoms—parents, coaches, and athletes can create a safer sports environment and help young players perform at their best.

Stretching: Preparing the Body to Perform

Warming up before activity and cooling down afterward can reduce the risk of sprains, strains, and muscle injuries. Dynamic stretches like high knees, jumping jacks, or arm circles prepare muscles for movement, while static stretches after practice help improve flexibility and recovery (National Athletic Trainers’ Association [NATA], 2021).

Tip: Student athletes should dedicate at least 10 minutes to warm-up and cool-down routines at every practice and game.

Hydration: Fueling Energy and Recovery

Dehydration affects performance and increases the risk of heat illness, especially during hot or intense practices. Even mild dehydration can impact focus, coordination, and endurance. Athletes should drink water before, during, and after physical activity. Sports drinks may be helpful during long or high-intensity workouts, but water is the best choice for most young athletes (CDC, 2023a).

Quick Check: Light-colored urine typically means proper hydration, while darker urine suggests the need for more fluids.

Concussion Awareness: Protecting the Brain

Concussions are one of the most serious sports-related injuries. They can occur in football, soccer, basketball, cheerleading, and many other activities. Warning signs include headache, dizziness, nausea, confusion, or sensitivity to light and noise.

If a concussion is suspected, the athlete should be removed from play immediately and evaluated by a healthcare professional. Returning too soon raises the risk of prolonged symptoms or additional injury (CDC, 2023b).

Golden Rule: When in doubt, sit them out.

Encouraging Safe Play

  • Parents, coaches, and athletes all share responsibility for safety. A few practical steps can help reduce risks:
  • Ensure athletes use the right protective gear for their sport.
  • Encourage open communication—athletes should feel comfortable reporting pain or symptoms.
  • Promote rest days to avoid overuse injuries.
  • Provide education on concussion awareness and safe hydration practices.

The Bottom Line

Sports are one of the best ways for young people to stay healthy, but safety must come first. By focusing on proper stretching, hydration, and concussion awareness, families and coaches can help student athletes stay safe, recover faster, and enjoy the game for years to come.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Sports injury prevention: Keeping children safe on the field. https://www.cdc.gov/safechild/sports_injuries/index.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). Water and hydration. https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/nutrition/index.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). Heads up: Concussion in youth sports. https://www.cdc.gov/headsup/youthsports/index.html

National Athletic Trainers’ Association. (2021). Prevention strategies for sports injuries. https://www.nata.org

Healthy Habits at Home: Building Routines That Stick

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Families do best when there’s structure and the good news is, healthy routines don’t have to be complicated to make a real difference. Here in Alabama, where nearly 37% of adults are living with obesity, one of the highest rates in the country, simple changes at home, like cooking together or adding in more active family time, can go a long way in supporting better health for everyone (CDC, 2023).

When families eat together, they’re more likely to consume fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and less likely to rely on fast food or processed meals (Healthy People 2030, 2020). Cooking together also teaches kids practical skills and encourages them to try new foods. Even swapping sugary drinks for water or preparing one homemade meal a few nights a week can make a difference.

Exercise doesn’t have to mean structured workouts. Walking at a local park, biking together, or turning chores into movement, like dancing while cleaning, keeps the whole family active. The CDC recommends children get at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily, and adults aim for 150 minutes each week (CDC, 2022). Family-based activity is a fun way to meet those goals while also reducing stress and building connections.

Too much screen time has been linked to increased sedentary behavior and sleep problems in youth (CDC, 2023). By setting limits, families can open up more opportunities for outdoor play, reading, or games that spark creativity. Even 30 minutes of unplugged family time a day can help replace screens with healthier habits.

Healthy change starts small. This week, encourage your family to set one goal, like cooking dinner together twice or taking a 15-minute walk after school. Little steps add up, and before long, they can become lasting routines that help families in Birmingham and beyond thrive.

Call-to-Action: Pick one simple habit today. Whether it’s a new recipe, an evening walk, or a screen-free night, your family’s journey to better health starts at home, with one step at a time.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Physical activity basics. https://www.cdc.gov/physical-activity-basics

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Overweight and obesity data. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data

Healthy People 2030. (2020). Nutrition and healthy eating objectives. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. https://health.gov/healthypeople

Change Your Scence and Mood at Oak Mountain Park!

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By Jerrica Lake, Intern & UAB Community Health & Human Services Student

Image credit clockwise from left: Magda Ehlers, PNW Production, Oak Mountain State Park

Did you know Alabama’s largest state park can be found just outside its largest city? 

Nature and Activities 

Mountain biking and hiking are two of the park’s most popular activities, but there are plenty more activities to feed your interest! 

  • Lakeside beach with swimming 
  • Watersports cable skiing 
  • Boat rentals 
  • Fishing 
  • Picnic area 
  • Golfing (with a full 18-hole course and driving range) 
  • Mountain biking (with a pump track and BMX course) 
  • Basketball courts 

Camping and Cabins 

Summer camping is hallmark of the season and Oak Mountain has the perfect spots, but if that is not your speed, try the cabins! For guests, Oak Mountains’ lake cabins are a place of peace and tranquility! The cabin grounds are found around Lake Tranquility; a 28-acre lake tucked away in the foothills of the mountain. Oak Mountain State Park offers ten fully equipped cabins that are open year-round, each with two bedrooms and one bath.   

Education and Learning 

Life science and avian rehabilitation are key components of the park. The Alabama Wildlife Center provides rehabilitation services to injured birds every year to return them to the wild.  Birds can be seen from the Tree Top Nature Trail. The Park is also home to the Oak Mountain Interpretive Center, a 2,500 square foot interactive exhibit space and teaching laboratory. Families can enjoy nature programs (including a demonstration farm full of animals to feed and interact with) and visit the extensive equestrian center for horseback riding. 

Whether you’re interested in a peaceful getaway, an action-packed weekend, or an educational experience, Oak Mountain has you covered. 

Get active and check out your local area for parks!

Sources: 

https://www.alapark.com/parks/oak-mountain-state-park

Railroad Park, Birmingham’s Green Oasis

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By Jerrica Lake, Intern & UAB Community Health & Human Services Student

Looking for a safe place to get a dose of sunshine this summer? Try Railroad Park, located in the heart of Birmingham and situated along 1st Avenue South between 14th and 18th Streets. The park is open 7 a.m.-11 p.m. daily with around-the-clock rangers on patrol and 24-hour security system surveillance. Free parking is available along the outer perimeters of the park along 1st Avenue South.

Get Active in the Park!

Featuring 19 acres of green space, including 9 acres of open lawn, Railroad Park is the ideal place to have a picnic, go for a jog, or play frisbee with peers or pets. There are onsite restrooms, water fountains, and a café with a delicious menu, so feel free to make a day of it!

Railroad Park is abundant with greenery and water features, with ponds, streams, an eye-catching lake, and a stunning rain curtain feature. More than 600 trees have been planted for shade and the abundance of flowers make the park a luxurious landscape for the senses.

There is large outdoor gym area inspired by Muscle Beach in California. For kids, the park offers two playgrounds and a climbing dome. For skaters, there is a designated skate zone with three skate bowls available. For an adult looking to get active, it offers a variety of walking trails including

  • The Magic City Loop (3/4 mile)
  • Rail Trail (1/3 mile)
  • Powell Avenue Promenade (1/3 mile)
  • Limestone Trace (1/2 mile)

With sweeping lawns, picturesque streams and the beautiful Birmingham skyline framing it all, Railroad Park a prime spot for relaxing and connecting with nature within our urban jungle.

Use this image to share the message on social media!

Sources:

Birmingham’s Railroad Park – About Us. (n.d.). Retrieved June 16, 2021, from: https://www.railroadpark.org/about.html